The political and societal transition in the Republic of Moldova as of the beginning of the 90s brought about drastic transformation in family life and reproductive potential of the family. The data show significant changes in trends affecting families, such as accelerated postponement in family formation (trends towards marriage and births at later years in life); decline of entry into marriage and spread of non-marital cohabitation; abrupt drop in births and rise in extra-marital births mostly within the non-marital unions. This paper describes recent trends affecting reproductive potential of the family with their causes and consequences from the perspective of family policy-making.