The basic objectives of the research consisted in: elucidating the role of the road infrastructure in the sustainable development of the rural space; investigation of the existing problems in the Republic of Moldova related to the respective role; formulating the final conclusions and recommendations in order to increase the impact of the road infrastructure on the sustainable development of the rural space. As research methods, the synthesis of research in the investigated field, systematization, generalization, deduction, structured thematic interview were used. As a result of the research, a low impact of the road infrastructure on the development of the rural space in the Republic of Moldova was identified. Among the basic factors that reduce the impact of the road infrastructure on the development of the rural space were identified: the poor management of road infrastructure investments, the insufficient investments as well as the ineffective management of the works related to the creation and maintenance of the road infrastructure.