The main purpose of the paper is to reflect the main progress and problems in the evolution of national economy competitiveness, in the context of finalizing the action of the roadmap on improving the competitiveness of the Republic of Moldova (2014-2020), and elucidating the main contributions of the National Institute for Economic Research as a scientific support for the successful completion of that document. The main results show that the country's economy hardly converges with the dynamics registered by the countries from the European Union, but also with some countries from the region. In light of the above, efforts are needed on the part of the authorities to improve the investment climate, fight corruption, improve the justice system, protect property rights, increase population income and employment and enhancing the institutions capacity building.