Study results presented refer to the budget deficit current state and its consequences on the national economy, because the budget deficit is a condition of the state budget when expenditure exceeds income. Moldova is facing shortage of budget revenues with spending needs considerable investments that budget deficits are too high and opportunities funds too small. Purpose of the research is to conduct a review of the current state budget deficit and its consequences on the national economy. To achieve the goal set were formulated following tasks: assessing the content, analyzing causes and remedies study report according to which we analyzed the draft budget for 2017 which was published on the website of the Ministry of Finance analysis on reducing the budget deficit and sources of financing. Research has been conducted in the department "General Economics" using data from the Ministry of Finance. References to goals and tasks has been possible using the methods of study of statistical data reduction methods and improve the current state of Moldova, etc. Based on the results it has been found that the causes appearance than the budget are: decreasing the production of goods and services in the economy at large; increased spending in order to achieve certain social programs; obscure sector of the economy increased activity; marginal costs of production increase social; abuse monetary issue that does not justify economic growth; decreased economic situation; reducing income businesses and individuals; decreasing the tax base; disequilibrium balance the state budget: income <costs. Existence budget deficit leads to: rising public debt and public spending. Parallel to increasing public spending have been a reallocation of public funds at the expense of providing public goods and services to the population; budget deficit contributes to increase market interest rates by increasing public demand for loans needed to cover the deficit. In addition, public credit, in competition with private credit, opposes private investment, slowing economic growth; in condition when public barrowing is closed by one generations and is payed by another there is an intergenerational distribution of its benefits and costs, which may be regarded as unfair, depending on the original purpose of public credit. Strategies to reduce the budget deficit are: budgetary equilibrium and exceeding expenditures over revenues; the size of the budget deficit, according to international experience, should not exceed a predetermined amount to 2-3% of GDP; to cover the budget deficit may apply various forms of credit of the state (both internally and externally); to overcome the budget deficit is needed "treatment" of the economy. The main sources of budget deficit coverage in Moldova: internal bank financing; internal financing non-banking; using external financing sources. Research results have led to the following conclusions: the budget deficit has become a phenomenon of the contemporary world. In our opinion the main tasks of the Republic of Moldova in the current economic conditions include carrying out structural changes to budgetary equilibrium and the economic growth.