The affective disorders (mood disorders) have attracted a very special attention of the researchers, theorists and practitioners of the psychiatry over the past 40 years. This finding is based on at least three sets of the arguments: the biological psychiatry researches have had a much more consistent success in the field of affective pathology than in other sequences of the mental pathology; the epidemiological researches have revealed the trend of continuous increase in prevalence rates, so today it is estimated that depression has become a global public health problem; the psychopharmacology researches have promoted four generations of antidepressant products and led to a significant improvement in the prognosis of this pathology. The affective life of the human being comprises a wide range of the mood experiences that extend between two poles, one of which is represented by the tears of pain and the other – by the tears of joy. We are facing a mood disorder, when the limits of physiological euthymia are exceeded. This article presents, in a structured way, another perspective of psychotherapeutic approach to adult anxiety-depressive disorders, centered on an adlerian methodology. The adlerian view of psychopathology is deceptively simple. It considers that the psychopathological disorders generally occur in the presence of 2 conditions: an exaggerated sense of inferiority and an insufficiently developed sense of adherence. In these conditions a person can live or anticipate the feeling of "discouragement" in the face of a seemingly impossible task. Adler tended to use this term in opposition to "pathology" or "sickness".