The author analyzes in a comparative context the evolution of political, educational and legal values in Greek antiquity and in the contemporary world. The similarities and differences in the historical context of these values are highlighted. The contradictory character in the evolution of given values is examined, in fact that positive values (democracy, freedom, justice, truth, morality, faith, etc.) coexist with their antipodes (tyranny, slavery, inequity, falsehood, amorality, arrogance). This creates multiple confusions and difficulties in the sphere of social life. In conclusion - the contradictory evolution of the nominalized values represents a dialectical relationship between perennial (truth, beauty, good) and what is variable depending on the era (behavior, political structures, aesthetic tastes, educational methodologies, etc.).