On October 28, 2005 the Law Nr. 237‑XVI from 20.10.2005 concerning the adhering of the Republic of Moldova to the International Convention on the suppression and punishment of the crime of apartheid, adopted at New York on 30 November 1973, was published in the „Monitorul oficial“. Following the principle pacta sunt servanta, it was drafted the Law that provides criminal responsibility for the crime of apartheid. The article describes the emergence, the evolution and the essence of punishment of the crime of apartheid. This will facilitate to draw up a more complex formulation of the crime elements.