Safflower oil is currently a minor commodity in the world market, but its production is of great importance in some countries, for example Iran. Breeding safflower for specific objectives related to biotic and abiotic stresses may require the use of interspecific hybridization with wild relative species. However, there is little information on how interspecific breeding can affect oil content and quality in this crop. Accordingly, the objective of this research was to evaluate oil quality in populations derived from interspecific crosses between cultivated safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and the wild species C. oxyacantha M. Bieb. and C. palestinus Eig. Seed oil content, fatty acid profile, and tocopherol and phytosterol contents and profiles were measured. The results indicated that the populations derived from interspecific hybridization contain large variation for oil quality traits, which will allow recovering or even improving the initial levels of the cultivated parent. It was therefore concluded that interspecific breeding has not a negative impact on safflower oil quality. Moreover, several traits such as phytosterol content can be improved by selecting within populations derived from interspecific crosses.