Lamiaceae family comprises a large number of genera and species with economic value due to their use as medicinal, ornamental and aromatic plants. Recent studies [1, 2] showed that the medicinal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, in particular to the subfamily Lamioideae are very important for the antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activities.  This paper refers to the biomorphological peculiarities and preliminary phytochemical results of the species of the genera: Ajuga L., Satureja L., Teucrium L, Origanum L. and Nepeta L. cultivated in the collection of medicinal and aromatic plants in the Botanical Garden (I) of ASM. Spontaneous Ajuga L. species (Ajuga reptans L. and A. genevensis L.) with significant medicinal value are included in the collection of medicinal plants. The monitoring of the plants during vegetative period relates positive results and demonstrated a good adaptation in culture conditions, requiring very little maintenance. Phytochemical study conducted on A. reptans and A. genevensis samples highlighted the presence of total polyphenols, phenolic acids, essential oil and flavonoids. Methanol extracts of both A. genevensis and A. reptans demonstrated antioxidant activity; the extracts of A. reptans demonstrated higher radical scavenging capacity.  Six species of the genus Satureja L. (Satureja montana L., S. kitaibelii Wierzb., S. parnassica Heldr. et. Sart ex. Boiss., S. thymbra L., S. subspicata Bartl. ex. Vis., and S. calamintha (L.) Scheele) were included in the research agenda. The investigation results showed that the species S. montana, S. kitaibelii and S. parnassica are aromatic and medicinal plants with promising therapeutic effect which grow and develop successfully in the climatic conditions of Republic of Moldova. Results regarding the content and chemical composition of essential oils, argue also, for important therapeutic value of these plants. High content of carvacrol registered in S. montana and S. parnassica attribute to the plants antimicrobial, antimycotic and antifungal qualities, representing an important source of raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.  Species belonging to the genus Teucrium L. (Teucrium chamaedrys L., T. montanum L. and T. polium L.) contain a wide variety of bioactive substances that make them very important from pharmacological point of view. Recent studies suggest that some Teucrium L. species are found to be rich natural sources of new anticancer compounds. Their plant extracts and isolated compound possess strong anticancer activity. Three Teucrium species (T. chamaedrys, T. polium and T. montanum) are cultivated on the experimental fields in the Botanical Garden of ASM in order to observe their reproductive behavior and accumulate experience on their agro-technical peculiarities. The fenologic observations and morphologic measurements demonstrate an intensive vegetative growth with abundant flowering for T. chamaedrys and T. polium species.  The ample biological and phytochemical studies of Origanum L. (Origanum vulgare L., O. onites L., O. hirtum Link, O. kopetdaghense Boriss., O. prismaticum L. and O. creticum L .) grown in herb collection were undertaken. Investigated species are important sources of essential oils, containing increased amounts of thymol and carvacrol, requested these days in the medication and food industry. In the collection of medicinal plants, Nepeta L. genus is represented by six species (Nepeta cataria L., N. cataria L. var. citriodora, N. transcaucasica Grossh., N. camphorata, N. pannonica L. and N. parviflora Bieb.). The results of the experiments on cultivation of Nepeta L. species show that these plants can be cultivated and established successfully in ex situ conditions with acceptable biomorphological parameters. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of phenolic acids, total polyphenols and flavonoids in N. cataria, N. transcaucasica, N. pannonica and N. parviflora vegetal material.