Reactant-governed hydrogen accumulation as intermediate between conventional hydrogen reservoirs and fuel processors
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MANILOV, Anton. Reactant-governed hydrogen accumulation as intermediate between conventional hydrogen reservoirs and fuel processors. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2017, Ed. 6, 2-3 martie 2017, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republic of Moldova: Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2017, Ediția 6, p. 172.
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Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 6, 2017
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2017"
6, Chișinău, Moldova, 2-3 martie 2017

Reactant-governed hydrogen accumulation as intermediate between conventional hydrogen reservoirs and fuel processors


Pag. 172-172

Manilov Anton
 
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 15 martie 2019


Rezumat

Ecological friendly chemical technologies are essential part of hydrogen energy. The promising task in this area is supply of clean autonomous systems that are safe for human and environment. Today it is possible to distinguish three classes of devices for such applications: hydrogen reservoirs, fuel processors and fuel cells. Conventional hydrogen reservoirs can be divided into three principles of operation: (a) compression or liquefaction of hydrogen; (b) the binding of hydrogen in metal hydrides; (c) hydrogen adsorption in porous nanostructured materials. These devices tend to work on the reversible cycle of hydrogen accumulation-release. Chemical storage implies the presence of hydrogen in the composition of substance and the possibility of its release in molecular form. Classical representatives of this class are hydrocarbons, alcohols, hydrides and water. In practice the hydrogen containing substance is usually processed by the device that performs chemical reaction of reforming or decomposition accompanied with H2 release. Such systems are known as hydrogen generators or fuel processors. However, conventional hydrogen reservoirs require complex systems for refueling with hydrogen gas that are connected with the use of equipment working with high pressure and low temperature, including special requirements for transportation and leakage control. Fuel processors employ sophisticated systems for fuel reforming and purification of the reaction products. It is possible to allocate a separate class of hydrogen storage systems, which will allow solving the listed problems. It can be defined as the reactant-governed hydrogen reservoir (RGHR). Accumulation and release of hydrogen in the reservoir are provided by treatment with liquid reactants. Solid-state materials look convenient for such application. The composite for the solid-state RGHR should have the next properties: (a) high specific surface; (b) hydrogenation of the surface during the interaction with the hydrogen-containing liquid; (c) release of hydrogen using simple liquid reactant; (d) minimal destruction of the reservoir during the used chemical reactions. The composites based on porous hydrides look the most suitable for this investigation. These properties ensure sufficient advantages of RGHR. At first, hydrogen is stored by strong chemical bonds in the solid-state material, which is safe. Also, recharge of the hydrogen reservoir needs not volatile explosive H2. The liquid is used for this purpose, which is easier to transport and store. Moreover, hydrogen accumulation and release can be performed without complicated systems working with high pressures and low temperatures. So, the prospective operating principle is allocated for the hydrogen sources used in autonomous systems: from the charging with molecular H2 in the conventional hydrogen reservoirs to the chemical treatment in hydrogen-containing liquid, and from the reforming of fossil fuels in the fuel processors to the simple chemical extraction of H2.