Moldova’s natural resources are scarce and sensitive to changes in environment. An inefficient policy of financing the sectors and institutions managing the natural resources is applied at the national level of public finances. This can lead to depletion of nature resources and forestry institutions and, that is the most dangerous, decrease harvesting versus regeneration. Results of studies in the frame of ENPI FLEG activities in Moldova are presented here. The forestry legislative framework covers practically all fields of activities in the forest sector including the competences of the central and local public authorities. Though, there are gaps, weaknesses in the legislation related to some important issues as insufficient elucidating of biodiversity conservation aspects and forest ecosystems’ adaptability to climate change. Unsustainable forestry practices are heavy for environment and costly for economy. In this regard, assessment of revenues losses from such practices is quite important. Total area of logging in Agency “Moldsilva” increased 1.4 times during 1993-2014, and the area of major harvest – 8.2 times. The total volume of timber logging done by Agency “Moldsilva” increased 2.6 times during 1993-2014 with major harvest increased 5 times. Cutting area as the result of open tenders has decreased 2.2 times during 2010-2014 due to including (by forestry entities) for tenders the parcels in low inaccessible areas, poor development of infrastructure for forestry services, technical and organizational weaknesses of potential beneficiaries, conflicts of interest and lack of mechanisms to control the application / participation in forest auctions, and probably due to a growth of the shadow wood market. Volume of timber harvested on the basis of authorizations in forests under mayoralties grows in general (it increased up to 12.6 times in 2009-2014) although there was a significant decrease of such logging in 2014. However strict accountability is absent in that field. About 60% of wood volumes are harvested in the Central Region (the main forest area), while considerable amounts are taken in South (the forest-steppe and steppe zones) – near 19%. Estimative consumption of firewood in households exceeds felling more than for 415000 m3 (near 67% of the total volume of legal logging including the volumes produced with tenders and authorizations in mayoralties) in 2011. That testifies to illegal / unknown origin of that wood. That amount of “unknown” wood is adjusted through taking into account use of woody biomass from orchards and vineyards and other agricultural wastes. The corrections per regions – North, Center and South are as 21.8, 25.4 and 19.5% correspondingly. There is a significant volume of illegal logging in forests managed by Agency “Moldsilva” reaching a peak in 2011-2012 (more than 3300 of m3). Data of revisions of 1991-1996 and 2010 show the operational control reveals a small portion of illegal logging. According to data of State Ecological Inspectorate number of the controlled objects is been reducing during 2009-2014 and number of the determined violations decreases, with a reverse trend in the South. Payments of Agency’s enterprises to the state budget have trend of increasing during 2005-2014 that corresponds to the trend of increasing the legal logging. For example, logging amounted 588.200 m3 of wood in 2014, and 66822.600 MDL were paid in the country budget. Calculations show that each 1 m3 of harvested wood brings 111.9 MDL to the budget. Taxes have their permanent part (not dependent on the volume of cuttings) and a variable part (VAT takes near 62% here), and size of the latter depends directly on the amount of legal cutting. The amount of unpaid taxes for illegal wood was estimated for 2014 as 35.4 million of MDL (76.2%) that are not received in the state budget and 11 million of MDL (23.8%) lost by local budgets. Distribution of forest lands and wood transportation determine, maybe, territorial differences in distribution of share between the real felling and consuming, and unpaid taxes. A part of the budget losses is remunerated through payments of fines and compensations for damage caused by illegal logging. On the whole, number of the inflicted fines had increased 3.7 times and the number of received fines – 2.4 times during 2009-2014, indicating a decrease in efficiency of control measures. Recovering through Court and remote reporting but also different qualities of the made documents explain that difference partly. Volume of recovery through fines and penalties for damages from illegal use of forest resources for the period 2009-2014 is about 5 million MDL. There is a trend of increase of amounts of such payments. Estimation of losses due to inefficient use of hunting resources was derived summing: (1) the net economic deficiency of income (of hunting users) from the sale of licenses for hunting and (2) the deficiency from kill of the game animals by hunters. It was calculated issuing from the optimal population of wild boar (4000), expected to 2014 populations of roe (16000 of optimal 20000) and of red dear (600 of 2000) following the carrying capacity of habitats. The total calculated deficiencies for 2014 are: direct losses from diminished number of the wild boar – 7 million MDL, indirect losses of hunters – 12,98 million MDL plus 28000 USD for probable trophies. Thus, financial damage and deficient income due to poaching and poor management are near 20 million MDL plus 28000 USD. Indirect losses from unsold licenses are 4.7 million MDL. A compensation to budget takes place due to control of poaching. It was 83100 MDL of the collected fines in 2014 while the inflicted amount of fines was 153.200 MDL. It should be noted that all losses are considered as the missed (or potential) incomes or the loss of profit.