The present article gives the results of the theoretical and experimental investigations of the issue on structural metal protection from corrosion in the environment. There was examined the electron-ion state of the metal surface taking into account the action of the outside electron «gas» on the electrochemical activity and power saturation. It was obtained the mathematical dependence, describing thedynamic equilibrium of the«metal-electrolyte»system with super position there on of the back impulse periodic current. It was proposed a model reflecting the phase boundary state at the metal uncharged surface potential and it was shown the possibility of partial transit of charges in the given conditions. It was elaborated the method of direct determination of the object’s protection potential value in the water and ground.It was elaborated a high-performance process for metal protection from corrosion and there were developed the devices and equipment for the realization of this purpose.