Currently, between Romania and the Republic of Moldova exists a border state. Unfortunately, in the case of the rail transport, there is a border given by gauge differences between the two countries. If in the first situation it cannot be done too much, in the latter case it can be introduced a variable gauge axles system, which is reliable and safe in operation, providing a greater mobility both to freight and passenger transport by removing the deficiencies of the transshipment processes, respectively of transposition. Given the following: the fact that rail traffic will increase substantially in the next years, the existence of strong academic centers near the border, the priority of the International Union of Railways of variable gauge axles systems approval and that geographically, this difference of gauge leads to a high consumption of resources (financial, time, personnel) it can be accessed European funding for research and implementation of a variable gauge axles system. The Area Cucuteni will know, in this way, a closer and stronger integration, the different gauges being a current example of division.