The paper presents some highlights concerning the main topics of algological research in Romania.The studies were begun about 160 years ago. Along this time, the investigations approached different fields of the general knowledge of the algae, as algal flora, physiology, biochemistry, ultrastructure, ecology, laboratory and outdoor culture, use of algae in water bodies management. Last decades, a special attention was paid to the algofloristic investigations, which covered, practically, all the hydrographic basins and, also, the Romanian littoral of the Black Sea.