The paper examines challenges in public policy formation and realization regarding the issues of social and humanitarian aspects under martial law. It analyses some of its key aspects which include Internally Displaced Persons, economic consequences, threats to security, psychological effects, humanitarian crisis, human rights violations and others. It studies the Plan on Ukraine’s Recovery regarding its social and humanitarian components. The paper examines the challenges and directions for their solution regarding the educational, cultural and health policy of martial law revealing the issues of security, priorities of military needs and resources.