Introduction. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), as a non-invasive treatment method used in the treatment of urinary stone disease for kidney stones less than 2 cm and ureteral stones less than 1,5 cm. This method of treatment it’s also applied in case of patients with solitary kidney (renal and ureteral lithiasis). Material and Methods. Was performed a retrospective study of all patients with lithiasis on a solitary kidney, treated and followed-up in Urology department with endourology ward in Republican Clinical Hospital. All single kidney lithiasis patients who met the following criteria were included in the study: functional kidney without obstruction and calculus ≤ 20 mm. A total of 75 patients were enrolled in the study. Results. Before applying the treatment by ESWL for all patients were performed ureteral stenting prior to ESWL to prevent obstructive complications and acute kidney injury. The stone free rate after ESWL was 92% and a total stone fragmentation was obtained after one or two lithotripsy shock wave sessions. Conclusions. Due to availability of a numerous methods of treatment options, the shock wave lithotripsy provided efficacy results, low incidence of complications, and high rate of stone-free (92%), it’s taking in consideration that ESWL can be the appropriate therapy for urinary stone disease in solitary kidney.