Mortality and life expectancy are important indicators of public health. This article presents a regional analysis of mortality in the Republic of Belarus from 2000 to 2019. The study takes into account the breakdown of data by gender, age, and type of locality. The aim of the research is to identify the characteristics and factors influencing the population mortality in different regions of the country. To achieve this goal, data on population mortality in the regions of Belarus over time were used. The article provides an overview of the main causes of mortality, analyzing them in the context of gender, age, and type of locality. The results of the study have allowed us to identify key factors influencing the level of mortality, such as the age distribution of the population, the presence of comorbidities, and the accessibility of medical care. Based on the analysis conducted, the main trends in population mortality have been identified. The results of the study help us understand which population groups are most vulnerable to the risk of mortality and which causes of mortality are most common in different regions of the country. The regional analysis of mortality in the pre-COVID period in the Republic of Belarus contributes significantly to the study of epidemiology and population health. The findings of this research can be used to develop measures and strategies to prevent mortality in similar situations in the future.