The economy of the Republic of Moldova, despite facing various challenges in recent times, is making significant efforts to increase export potential, simultaneously creating a more competitive and productive economy. This objective is of significant magnitude, one that Moldova has not encountered previously, not only in terms of quantity and quality but also considering external factors. We refer primarily to the process of deglobalization, which has affected the entire global economic system and is fundamentally changing the rules of the worldwide market. The fragmentation and regionalization of international trade call for new approaches to the trade policies of all countries, especially for small economies like Moldova. This article aims to identify the determinants of export diversification, focusing on competitiveness and productivity, in the new conditions dictated by deglobalization and the regionalization of international transactions. The risks and opportunities that arise in international trade require a new approach regarding the orientation and performance of exports. Export orientation lies at the core of Moldova's economic development model, with its degree of openness being around 85-90%. However, the country's export performance is limited, primarily concentrated in low-value-added sectors such as textiles, clothing, and agricultural products. To improve export performance, it is essential to focus on investments in various areas, including infrastructure, transportation, and energy.

The economy of the Republic of Moldova, despite facing various challenges in recent times, is making significant efforts to increase export potential, simultaneously creating a more competitive and productive economy. This objective is of significant magnitude, one that Moldova has not encountered previously, not only in terms of quantity and quality but also considering external factors. We refer primarily to the process of deglobalization, which has affected the entire global economic system and is fundamentally changing the rules of the worldwide market. The fragmentation and regionalization of international trade call for new approaches to the trade policies of all countries, especially for small economies like Moldova. This article aims to identify the determinants of export diversification, focusing on competitiveness and productivity, in the new conditions dictated by deglobalization and the regionalization of international transactions. The risks and opportunities that arise in international trade require a new approach regarding the orientation and performance of exports. Export orientation lies at the core of Moldova's economic development model, with its degree of openness being around 85-90%. However, the country's export performance is limited, primarily concentrated in low-value-added sectors such as textiles, clothing, and agricultural products. To improve export performance, it is essential to focus on investments in various areas, including infrastructure, transportation, and energy.