The paper presents the main notions related to the road safety inspection process and how it is carried out in Romania. Road accidents are events that have a very strong socioeconomic impact on society as a whole and directly on its members. A road safety system aims to prevent road accidents and, if they do occur, to minimize their consequences. This system is based on the idea that people make mistakes and are physically vulnerable. The vision of sustainable safety has a considerable influence on the practical work on road safety. Road safety has been seen as a problem of the transport system, a disastrous consequence of it, without taking into account the fact that road accidents involve direct costs that are borne by the health sector, business and the families of those involved.