Introduction: Is presented the research result, in dynamic, of the traumatic disease, the index values of interleukins in the blood of the injureds with politraumatism of high severity, with predominant injuries of the locomotor apparatus, with open fractures of long tubular bones. Materials & Methods: Were selected 20 patients with high severity (ISS score - 18-40) of polytraumatism. Were analyzed: the age, the mechanism of trauma, the complications, the diagnosis and treatment tactics. Results: The increase of the IL 6 and IL 8 level, during the first week after injury was more evident, respectively up to 1700% and 4000%, in the blood of the injureds with life - threatening politraumatism of high severity (ISS - score - 25-40 points). The decrease of the IL 18 index with 20-30% below normal minimum values was observed in case of massive devitalisation of muscular tissue and developmentof the active inflammatory process, during the period of maximum probability of developing complications in the group of patients with high severity life - threatening politrauma, in the back ground of slow increase of the interleukins IL6 and IL8 levels. The values of the IL1β and ILαFNT at the injureds with politraumatism of high severity (ISS - score - 16-40 points) from the 2nd to the 6th day of the traumatic illness, were in the normal range. Conclusions: It is advisable to study in dynamic the values of the interleukins indexes in the blood of the injureds with politraumatism of high severity, with open fractures of long tubular bones due to the development of the inflammatory processes. Key words: politraumatisms, open fractures