The chosen issue reflects the concern for studying the role of vocational education in the development of adolescent personality so that their ideals and aspirations are achieved through a sustained and conscientiously oriented effort, which may be translated into the Jungian concept of self-realization. In a narrow sense, vocational education is the psychological premise of the student's professional training process, initiated and intensified in certain stages of schooling (secondary and higher education, but also primary education, for the identification of artistic or sports vocation). The paper theoretically approaches the direct link between vocational identity and self-realization process, emphasizing the need of adolescent development through a vocational education. The study, in the context of the specialized literature, presents the opposition of two concepts: the realization of self versus the difficulties of school adaptation. What features of adolescents have to be developed to ensure the transition from prevention of adaptation difficulties to self-realization? The study we propose aims to answer this question.