The article considers the educational environment as a condition of personality-oriented development of the child, the main problems of modernization of primary education, the proposed conditions for the effective implementation of developmental and personality – oriented paradigm of primary education, grounded key competencies, which will enable teachers not only to equip children with some knowledge, but also to foster a desire to learn. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that the personal approach, focused on development, makes it possible to comprehend and evaluate the importance of natural maturation of the child and develop it in the best way when he is really passionate about the learning process.