People and their potential are truly real riches of each country that can provide transformational changes in the conditions of globalization and accelerated development of science, technology and new technologies. Management of this resource in the modern world acquires a strategic importance and actualizes the development of humanistic management.
A special general civilization significance in the process of transformational changes is the problem of using human resources. The analysis of the problem assumes a detailed consideration of the genesis of the category of human resources in scientific developments and the mechanism of their use in a transitive economy.
Human resources are a component of the production resources of the enterprise, its individuals an asset but it is impossible to identify human resources only with labor, personnel, labor resources, without taking into account the qualitative characteristics of the carriers of this category.
Human resources are a kind of measure of the amount of labor in the economy. The basis of human resources is the population and the structure of its employment. Modern concepts consider human resources not only as an extremely important factor of production, but, above all, as carriers of human capital.
Economists consider the category of human capital as a certain amount of health, knowledge, skills, abilities, motivations formed as a result of investments and accumulated by man, which is purposefully used in a particular sphere of social production, contributes to the growth of labor productivity, affects the growth of incomes and the volume of the national product created.
Investments in human capital include health protection, education, the search for and use of information, geographical mobility, the accumulation of productive and life experiences. Interest in educational investments has increased, which has been viewed as one of the sources of possible economic growth in the process of transformation.