In this article, the author focuses on one of the most important instrumental genres in the creation of Moldovan composers - the piano sonata. The personalization of creative concepts in each musical piece is revealed as a general tendency in the music of national composers in the late 20th and early 21st century. In the realm of piano music, composers’ attention was drawn to miniatures, piano cycles, one-movement large pieces, sonata and suite cycles. Compositional and dramaturgical peculiarities of piano sonatas are also outlined in the article. A great diversity of individual compositional initiatives led to the development of original samples in this genre. The following pieces are analysed: Sonata-fantasy by V. Zagorschi, Sonata-improvisation by V. Rotaru, Piano sonata by A. Feodorova, De sonata meditor by G. Ciobanu. The author has chosen these sonatas because they are included in pedagogical and competition programmes of undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students of the Academy of Music, Theatre and Fine Arts of the Republic of Moldova. They are also performed by Moldovan pianists at their concerts. Interpretative and methodological guidance is included, aimed to help students and professors who study piano music by Moldovan composers. It is observed that national composers tend to harness one-movement form and treat the notions of "sonata" and "sonata form" more freely. In conclusion, the author demonstrates how the creative quest of composers of the Republic of Moldova in the domains of form and expression means has broadened the panorama of the genre of piano sonata in the national musical culture.