The crimes, which involve dissemination of NRM microparticles in the environment, are one of the possible types of terrorist attacks. These crimes aim to contaminate as large a territory as possible with radioactive particles and to irradiate as many people as possible. Therefore, they assume the dissemination in environment of NMR particles with sizes of about one micrometer. A full-scale investigation of such incidents includes the collection of environmental samples on the incident area and analysis of the collected NRM microparticles. Sampling at the scene of the incident should be carried out by an investigative team, including both law enforcement officials and NRM specialists. To determine the manufacturer of the disseminated material and the date of production of the material, the microparticles should be analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Data on the informativeness of the morphological characteristics of microparticles, on the capabilities of methods for measuring the concentration of chemical elements in microparticles and on the accuracy of determining the isotopic composition of uranium are presented.