In the modern design of school uniforms, it is important to address the traditions of national costume of different countries. Samples of school uniforms based on the national traditional costume in schools around the world are often regulated at state level or by the rules of wearing these clothes approved by the educational institution. This type of uniform is most often used in authoritarian countries or in countries that value their history and culture. The school uniform on the basis of the national traditional costume completely repeats the national clothes. This uniform is most often found in Asian countries. For example, in Vietnamese schools, high school schoolgirls wear the traditional white suit aazai (áo dài), complemented by a traditional straw hat, while in some Indian schools, schoolgirls wear the national sari dress, which is made in the branded colors of the school. Uniforms based on the national traditional costume can be distinguished into these types: clothes made of a piece of fabric that is wrapped around the body in a certain way and draped (sari, gho, kera, sarong) or cut clothing with a wide silhouette. These types are characterized by a completely covered body and the length of the upper layer of shoulder clothing to the ankles or to the middle of the shin, straight and extended downward silhouettes that do not restrain movements, finishing elements at the chest and waist. School uniform in ethnic style and the principles of its organization of artistic and compositional solutions are diverse. School costumes in ethnic style come in two versions: modern costumes, which use ethnic decor in the decoration; costumes in which one or more constituent elements are designed in a traditional cut with or without traditional decor elements. Ethnic-style school costumes are most common in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America. Education of children in national traditions and preservation of the cultural memory of the people, identifying the child with the ethnic group through the creation of an educational environment, makes school uniforms an important element of the educational process. The use of national ornaments in school uniforms is a fashion trend of the late XX – XXI century. The use of decorative elements in school uniforms can be traced in modern school costumes in the ethno style of Ukrainian and Belarusian designers, school uniforms in China, Turkmenistan and more. Sometimes the costumes of teachers and educators are also designed in ethnic style to reproduce the national cultural center in schools. The reproduction of proportions, traditional color combinations of national clothes, the use of traditional forms of clothing and types of fasteners recreates the traditional costume in new forms.