It is shown that in conducting comprehensive research a large role is given to methodological support and a system of retrospective monitoring. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the leading crop of the grain complex of Ukraine and functionally corresponds to the level of transfer subject, and the V. Ya. Yuryev Institute of Plant Growing of the NAAS is one of the oldest breeding institutions in Ukraine and acts as a model originator of intellectual property objects. The effectiveness of the directions of breeding improvement of winter wheat in the conditions of the Kharkov region was assessed.