Introduction. Parkinson's disease ( is one of the major progressive neurological disorders for which preventative or long term treatment strategies are not available. Despite intense research over the last decade, PD etiology is sti ll not completely understood. PD appears to stem from the result of complex gene interactions with environmental factors. The most common risk factors for the development of PD are the use of pesticides, traumatic brain injury, the rural environment, and t he use of coffee and smoking are considered as protective factors. Aim of the study. Exploring the incidence of risk factors and protective factors in Parkinson's disease for the sick population in the Ialoveni district of the Republic of Moldova. Material s and methods. We conducted a prospective transverse study that included 20 patients diagnosed with PD in the Ialoveni district. By phone call, the patients responded to a questionnaire that included 10 questions about the causative and protective factors of the disease Results. The group of 20 patients, with mean age 69 years (54-86 years), included 7 women (and 13 men (Eight out of 20 patients were exposed to the action of chemicals used in agriculture. Family history named 3 people with relatives suffering from the same  disease; 2 being of I degree and one of II degree. 6 out of 20 patients had head trauma without loss of consciousness. The protective factors were: daily coffee intake (3-4 cups) found in one person, and tobacco use in the past, found in another 4 patients. Conclusions. We observed a domination of causal factors in relation to protective factors.