The influence of chelate coordination compounds of nickel (bis-caprylohydrosalad of nickel) and neodymium (hydrosalad of neodymium and acetoacetate of hydroxoneodymium) on the tribological properties of grease is investigated. In order to determine the tribological properties of lubricating compositions, experiments were carried out on the installation of sliding friction with reciprocating motion elaborated by us as under these conditions considerably larger activation of a superficial layer of steel takes place and especially at friction in the active medium the activation of a surface can lead to the occurrence of a wear corrosive component. Introduction of each from the above mentioned coordination compounds into the grease improved the tribological properties of the lubricant. However, coordination compound of nickel which is the product of interaction of inorganic salt of nickel with alkylhydroxaning acids of fraction S7-S9, took the first place among other coordination compounds (additives) concerning the increase of tribological properties of grease (the coefficients of friction fmid = 0,07, fbord = 0,1 and the wear of samples of 45 steel for 20 hours - U = 0,6 mg against fmid = 0,1, fbord = 0,12, and U = 1,3 mg for the specimens tested in the grease without an additive). Apparently, coordination compound of nickel raised anti-wear properties of grease more than twice and the surface of friction possessed smaller roughness in comparison with the surface of friction tested at the use of grease without an additive. The principle of action of coordination compounds consists in initiation and support of exchange reactions of oscillatory type on the surfaces of friction between the central ion of the compound and the metal of the surface. As a result of exchange the metal of additive appears on working surfaces and, due to the sharp increase of diffusion factor, is capable in part to diffuse deep inside, carrying out superficial diffusion alloying, and the surface metal in the composition of coordination compound passes into the lubricant medium. Coordination compounds also react with the particles of the wearing of the surface metal, thus extracting them out of the friction zone of the direct contact and reducing their abrasive action at friction that is confirmed by the decrease of the roughness of the contacting surfaces. Besides on a surface of friction there formed multi-layer films from the mixture of coordination compounds of nickel and metal of the surface.