Apricot fruit growing is known in Moldova (especially between the Prut and Nistru rivers) from the fi fteenth century. Fruit production is grown considerably together with the development of the railways and with the opening of the home Russian markets in the 19th Century. Thus, before 1919 in Moldova have been spread more than 20, mainly European, apricot varieties. At the meeting of the fruit-tree growers in 1911 (Kishinau) was recommended for the fi rst time an offi cial assortment for omologation, particularly Krasnoshciokii and Royale as the main ones. After the Second World War apricot occupied 10.5-14.8% of the total orchard surfaces of the republic of Mooldova, including the varieties Krasnoshciokii – 76.4%, Ananas – 11.2%, Ambrozia – 2.1%, etc. Afterwards for providing the requirements of the procession industry actively have been promoted the varieties Luizet, Maguar kaiszy, Crasnii partizan, Spitac, Smena, etc. But a lot of introduced varieties have been abandoned because of the low production, an insuffi cient fruit quality, a weak adaptability to the local edaphical and variable pedo-climatic conditions of the diversifi ed relief. Thus, in the same time with the pomological zonifi cation of Moldova the Krasnoshciokii variety occupied 94.0%, the other varieties and local biotypes (predominantly: Early Alexander, Crasnii partizan, Annanasa, Spitak, Smena, Erevani) – 6%. Actually 7 apricot varieties (Bucuria, Early Kishinevskii, Moldavskii olimpiet, Nadejda, Detskii, Kostiujenskii, Raduga), created in the Moldavian Res. Inst of Horticulture) of 12 omologated/ registered for multiplication in the frame of the republic of Moldova varieties are cultivated in 3 of (of 5) pomological zones of the Rep. of Moldova. Theirs fl owering period in rep Moldova is – April (one weak later than in west „apricot” areas), the same is for the most important international cultivars. Theirs fruit ripening period lasts from second part of June till the fi rst decade of August. The peak phase of fresh fruit presentation on local market is the fi rst decade of July. The cultivated varieties are distinguished by high production (15-35-45 kg/trees and more for solitary trees), good size of fruits (40-60gr), predominantly collared in orange, good fi rmness and aromas) of good biochemical qualities, trees with the satisfactory adaptability to winter and spring temperature fl uctuations. Some of them (Iunskii, Bucuria, Kishinevskii rannii) are cultivated in other west and east european countries. Most of moldavian varieties are characterised by high or medium-high vigour. Irrigation in the period of fruit development could increase a lot total production and fruit qualities. Summer pruning is important for the development of biologic qualities of initiated fl ower buds and for the fructifi cation of the next year. Actually through the competition and comparative investigations of the new introduced varieties, some modern varieties are implemented in the new founded orchards. The fi rst crops of them will be obtained in three-four years. Central pomological zone (with appropriate selection of soil, exposition, etc.) is more opportune for apricot culture. Like in all european areas of culture actually the apricot industry has two main adversities: Monillinia laxa (fungi diseases of fl owers and juveniles shuts) and spring frost (again for the stage of open fl owers).