The paper aimed to present the Polish agriculture which is characterized by significant dispersion, as an average size of agricultural holdings is about 10,15 ha of agricultural land, and more than half of the holdings produce only or mainly for their own use, thus reducing their expenses on the purchase of food as well as other family expenses. It is based on the statistical data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development from Warsaw, Agricultural Market Agency from Warsaw, Agency for Restructuring and Modernizations of Agriculture from Warsaw, Agricultural Property Agency, were applied the following methods: selective, comparison and tabular methods. As a conclusion Polish economy has been suffering from the outcomes of the global recession which disrupted and hampered development process, since the second half of 2008. These turbulences have also affected the agro-food sector, especially in terms of international trade. Nevertheless, by the end of 2010, the value of export increased and the turnover balance in terms of food trade was positive. It proves that the Polish food sector is a worthy competitor on the international arena.