Tasting of stress-resistant tomato forms obtained with help of molecular analysis under natural stress conditions
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2023-04-25 17:14
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BALASHOVA, Irina, KOZAR, Elena, PINCIUC, Elena, PIVOVAROV, Victor. Tasting of stress-resistant tomato forms obtained with help of molecular analysis under natural stress conditions. In: Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective: Simpozionul ştiinţific naţional cu participare internaţională, 24-25 octombrie 2013, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipografia Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, 2013, Ediția III-a, p. 78.
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Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective
Ediția III-a, 2013
Simpozionul "Biotehnologii avansate – realizări şi perspective"
Chişinău, Moldova, 24-25 octombrie 2013

Tasting of stress-resistant tomato forms obtained with help of molecular analysis under natural stress conditions


Pag. 78-78

Balashova Irina, Kozar Elena, Pinciuc Elena, Pivovarov Victor
 
All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 21 martie 2020



Teza

XXth century breeding of cultivated plants by productivity traits only resulted in lowering of its adaptive potential to natural stressors. Effective using of R-genes is one of possible decisions of that problem.We applied molecular techniques (RAPD, cDNA-AFLP) for analysis the genetic nature of tomato resistance to Tobacco Mosaic Virus and changing of that resistance under low-temperature stress at the stage of seed germination (Lakhmatova et al., 2001; Balashova I.T. et al., 2008). 8 tomato basic forms with 2 genetic systems of TMVresistance (Tm-1 and Tm-2/Tm-22), which have been resistant to low temperature stress, were resulted in that investigation. We used that basic material as female forms for crossings and obtained 5 new tomato forms with resistance to TMV and low temperature (Balashova I.T. et al., 2010, 2011).These forms maintained of its resistance to stressors before the F5-progeny. We evaluated of its F6- F7 progenies resistance to natural stressors of plastic greenhouses in 2009-2010 years. Five new forms with Tm-1- and Tm-2-genetic systems obtained with help of molecular analysis, two parental forms – Craigella (Tm-1/Tm-2, female), Talalikhin 186 (male) and two standard varieties have been studied. Methods of investigation included in: patent search, visual diagnostic and evaluation of plants resistance to biotic stressors by symptoms, DAS-ELISA, microscopy with Karl Zeiss-microscope, dispersion analysis of experimental data. There were two main diseases in VNIISSOK plastic greenhouses in 2009 – Phytophthora infestance DB and Botrytis cinerea Pers. The degree of Phytophthora infestance spreading was 88%, the degree of Botrytis cinerea spreading was 27%. The degree of plants affection with pathogens varied significantly. And we could to evaluate of plant’s affection degree at the natural conditions. We didn’t observe mosaic symptoms on leaves of plants, but TMV presented in cenosis and in plants (latent infection) (data of ELISA). Affection degree some of new forms was significantly less than affection degree of standard, so, these new forms supported of its resistance to biotic stressors. It was very interesting, that affection degrees of new forms № 8-25-13-27, № 10-10-12-14 and female form Craigella (Tm-1/Tm-2) were statistically closed to the affection degree of Ottawa 30 – standard of resistance to Phytophthora infestance. These forms have been bred as tolerant to Phytophthora infestance. Season of vegetation in 2010 was very dry and fever. We had three main diseases in the plastic greenhouse that season: Sclerotinias clerotiorum (Lib.) dBy, Botrytis cinerea Pers. and Alternaria solani Sor. Some plants with symptoms of Sclerotinias clerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea have been removed from plastic greenhouse. Degree of Alternaria solani spreading was 83%, but the degree of plants affection was very small – about 0-0,5 mark. Mycelium didn’t produce conidia. We could to breed prospective forms - № 8-25-13-27, № 10-10-12-14 - using dispersion analysis with transformed data. Leaves of plants were without of mosaic symptoms and we couldn’t find the latent infection with TMV, PVX and PVY with help of ELISA. So, we obtained two new forms of tomato - № 8-25-13-27, № 10-10-12-14 - with complex tolerance to biotic stressors. Resistance to TMV maintained to the F7 progeny. These formsexceeded of standard and parents forms and the breeding standard by productivity and quality of fruits.The form № 10-10-12-14 has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements in Russian Federation in 2011 as the new tomato variety named Rufina.