Actuality of the research theme. A particularly important place for the protection of human rights, including electoral ones, is the European Convention on Human Rights, ratified by the Republic of Moldova, with the status of an international treaty that has direct applicability. The correct application of this Convention is ensured by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The purpose of this research. The aim of the research is to study electoral disputes through the analysis of the ECHR jurisprudence. Research Methods. The thesis was based on the following methods: the logical analysis method which includes deductive analysis, generalization and specification; the method of comparative analysis used to determine the common characteristics of the functioning of various forms of sanctions in the electoral field; the content analysis method used to track the theme and keywords in the work in progress. The results of the request. The theoretical study reflected in the paper will facilitate the emergence and development of new studies or research on the importance of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Court of Justice in dealing with the liability for violation of electoral legislation. It is intended to develop or supplement the institution of the specific responsibility for electoral law, and also to deal with practical aspects, so that some beneficial aspects can also be taken in the reform of Moldovan legislation.