The pulp and paper industry is a good example of biorefinery concept, which incorporates the production of materials, chemicals and energy, through established technological processes that maximizes the value of wood chain. In pulp and paper industry, wood is traditionally the most used virgin fiber source causing forest overexploitation in many parts of the world. The industry is facing a continuous need for virgin fiber resources to overcome different market demands. Moreover, packaging is lately turning towards green alternatives by replacing plastics with fiber based materials such as paper and cardboard. In such context a shift of the industry to processing nonwood fiber sources is acknowledged. Attractiveness of nonwood fiber sources resides in their lower lignin content, availability and shorter growing cycle. The idea of the present study is focused towards exploring the possibility of using corn stalks (Zea mays) as raw materials for bio-based industry applications. This category of agricultural waste is cheap and highly available. Corn stalks are generated in amounts of about 1.7-4.5 t/ha depending on the cultivated variety [1]. The chemical composition of corn stalks is displayed in Table 1 [2]. Corn stalks processing can lead to cellulosic fibers suitable for packaging paper production, sugars that are to become feedstock for the fermentative processes such as bioethanol production.Table 1. Chemical composition of corn stalks constituent parts.Microwave irradiation of materials containing polar molecules induces their heating. This phenomenon has multiple applications ranging from food heating to chemical processing and organic synthesis. Microwave effect on the biomass during alkali or acid treatments could enhance the separation of its’ components. Our experimentally trials integrates a number of tree modules: first module includes preliminary microwave heating pretreatments of corn stalks aiming at the removal of hemicelluloses and sugar monomers; a secondary module deals with alkali pulping also under microwave irradiation of corn stalks to separate cellulosic fibers, which are to become raw materials for paper production and ecological packaging. Our findings provide information regarding the possibilities and opportunities to process low-cost raw materials such as corn stalks to produce high-value bio-based materials.