Introduction The conservation status of plants is one of most widely used indicators for assessing the condition of ecosystems and their biodiversity. It also provides an important tool in establishing priorities for species conservation. The fl ora of the Republic of Moldova comprises over 1820 species (5), a number of 456 species are protected by law in the Republic of Moldova and included in the Operational List (4). Material and methods The Red List of vascular plants from the fl ora of Republic of Moldova comprises 464 species. During preparation of the 3rd edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova a number of threatened (categories [CR], [EN] and [VU]) monocotyledonous species were identifi ed (2, 3). All selected plant species are native to local fl ora and the taxonomy followed by the recent taxonomical literature (1, 5). Results and discussions During investigation on the local fl ora in last decade a vast herbarium material was collected and a number of monocotyledonous plant species were studied in order to be assessed their regional conservation status, recorded geographical location, habitat and phenological data. Critically Endangered [CR]: Allium guttatum Stev. (in the local fl ora is collected from 5 localities); Allium montanum F. W. Schmidt (=A. senescens L. p. p., A. senescens L. subsp. montanum (F. W. Schmidt) Holub), a new species for the fl ora of the Republic of Moldova, is found only in the vicinity of the Naslavcea village, Ocnitsa district; Allium podolicum (Aschers. et Graebn.) Błocki ex Racib. (is known from 2 localities); Juncus negrui Ghendov, a new species for the fl ora of the Republic of Moldova, is found only in the vicinity of the Edinets town. Endangered [EN]: Ornithogalum boucheanum (Kunth) Aschers. (=Myogalum boucheanum Kunth), there are several locations known, but most of them were not confi rmed by recent investigations; Ornithogalum fl avescens Lam., in the local fl ora it is collected from 5 localities; Luzula pallescens Swartz, collected from 6 localities, all the same veraciously known 3 extant subpopulations; Gagea ucrainica Klok. (=G. taurica auct. mold., non Stev.), in local Herbaria it is collected from 7 localities, but there is known 2 extant subpopulations. Vulnerable [VU]: Allium inaequale Janka, known from 8 localities; Luzula multifl ora (Ehrh.) Lej. (=Juncus multifl orus Ehrh.), collected from 7 localities; Stipa tirsa Stev. (S. stenophylla (Czern. ex Lindem.) Trautv., S. longifolia Borb.), the specifi c habitats are reduced to several localities and subpopulations threatened by overgrazing; Stipa dasyphylla (Lindem.) Trautv. (C. pennata L. γ. dasyphylla Czern. ex Lindem.), In the region is at the southern limit of distribution area. Conclusions In the conclusion we propose for these threatened with regional extinction (categories [CR], [EN] and [VU]) species to be included in the 3rd edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova.