The author of the article highlights the main issues regarding the way in which the military, political, social and economic events in Bucovina, between 1914 and 1918, were perceived in the post-war period. Based on the edited and unpublished sources are presented the important data of the military campaigns of the years 19141917 and how they aff ected the evolution of the relations between the imperial administration and the citizens of the province, between the latter and the occupying troops of the Tsarist Empire. This article presents some of the preparations made by the two neighbouring empires for the future of Bukovina: either incorporated in a Ukrainian (or Galician) state under the Austrian fl ag, or as part of the Great Russia. In parallel with these tendencies of the great neighbours, the text transposes the conditions in which the political and national projects of the Romanians and Ukrainians were born and the forces involved in the Union of Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania, following the decisions of the National Council of 27 October 1918 and of the General Congress of Bucovina of November 28, 1918.