Digestive diseases are widespread in the population, occupying an important place in general morbidity and mortality. According to the international statistical data for 2013, digestive pathologies had an annual overall mortality rate of 19,0 / 100.000, occupying the 6th place. The death rate /100.000 inhabitants due to digestive diseases, significantly exceeds the global mortality rate, with an increase in 2012-2016 from 103,1 to 104,1, in the Republic of Moldova. Analysis of hospital lethality of adults showed an increase in total lethality by digestive diseases from 2,2 in 2012 to 2,6 in 2016, with an increase in lethality in all diseases: gastric and duodenal- from 3,3 to 3,5, gastritis, duodenitis - from 0,2 to 0,6, hepatitis, cirrhosis - from 5,1 to 6,4, cholecystitis, colangitis - from 0,4 to 0,7. The obtained results call for the attention of physicians and the entire society to the imperitiveness of the problem, mortality being a phenomenon strongly dependent on the economic and social development, and the characteristics of a society.