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SM ISO690:2012 VINOKUR, Valerii M, LESOVIK , Gordey, LEBEDEV, Andrey, SADOVSKYY, Ivan A., SUSLOV, Michail. Circumventing the Second Law of Thermodynamics. In: Multidisciplinarity in Modern Science for the Benefit of Society, 21-22 septembrie 2017, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Inst. de Fizică Aplicată, 2017, p. 17. ISBN 978-9975-9787-1-2. |
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Multidisciplinarity in Modern Science for the Benefit of Society 2017 | ||||||
Masa rotundă "Multidisciplinarity in Modern Science for the Benefit of Society" Chișinău, Moldova, 21-22 septembrie 2017 | ||||||
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A perpetual motion machine of the second kind, which can spontaneously convert thermal energy into mechanical work is forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics. One of the formulations of the second law states that entropy of the isolated system always increases upon temporal system’s evolution. This brings the question about the foundation and validity of Htheorem in quantum systems. We formulate the quantum H-theorem and analyze the situations where quantum systems can evolve with the decreasing entropy. We demonstrate that manipulating non-local entanglement between the system and environment, we can locally circumvent the Second Law of Thermodynamics and construct the local perpetual motion machine of the second kind. Scattering in a 3-lead setup occurring with the decreasing entropy. A particle incident from the lead 1 scatters into two other leads 2 and 3. Propagating particle induces magnetic field perpendicular to the lead direction. The spin is at the point where the respective fields induced by particles propagating along leads 2 and 3 are perpendicular to each other. The chosen the set up design allows to neglect the field induced by the particle in the lead 1. |