Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) lack territorial access to the sea which means they can face significant challenges in trade, transport and infrastructure amongst other areas. All LLDCs have low gross domestic product and low human development. A large proportion of the 32 landlocked developing countries are also classified as least developed countries. The Almaty Programme of Action was adopted in 2003 as the United Nations’ response to the growing recognition by the international community of the special needs and challenges faced by the landlocked developing countries in achieving their development goals. Following its adoption in 2003 by the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and International Financial and Development Institution on Transit Transport Cooperation, held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, Almaty Programme of Actions priorities have been integrated into Moldavian national development Frameworks.