In this study the author emphasizes the context in which the former Moldavian SSR has declared its state sovereignty and has conceived and followed a personal concept regarding building sovereignty, step by step. The diversity of points of view regarding the detachment from the USSR is analyzed with the help of the transcripts of the Parliamentary sessions from 1990-1991. The factors which favored the goal of achieving independence are investigated. Among them stands out the importance of the national liberation movement, as well as the factors that, on the contrary, opposed achieving this national goal, like political and territorial separatism. The author brings unique data about the political confruntation from the inside of the Presidium of the legislative institution on the project content of the Declaration of independence, from the eve of the declaration of state independence from August 27, 1991. The author considers that the Declaration of independence is the act of identity of the Republic of Moldova, as a subject of international law.