Introduction. Carcinogens affecting bladder urothelium are eliminated with urine. Risk factors like inflammation, smoking, infections, radiation exposure, occupational factors etc. lead frequently to tumor and the progression of bladder cancer. Nowadays the interrelation between bladder cancer and genetic predisposition is well studied. Whereas important is the influence of environmental factors in the disease evolution. The purpose of the study. To assess the risk factors in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer. Material and methods. In the study 337 patients with bladder cancer were included. The treatment was realized in the Clinic of Urology of State University of Medicine and Pharmacy «Nicolae Testemitanu» from 2019 to 2022. The patients’ age, living conditions, risk factors and vital parameters were assessed. Results. From 337 patients, 82 (24.3%) were females and 255 (75.7%) were males. The most common age among the patients was over 60 years, whereas the mean age was lower in men - 63.8 years and 66.4 years for women. According to the patient’s residence place, the study results were as follows: urban - 182 cases (54%) and rural 155 cases (46%). From 337 patients, 145 (43%) patients used tobacco. Occupational risk factors were the etiologic reason in 31 (9.2%) patients. No one of the cases had Schistosoma haematobium parasite as etiologic factor. Conclusions. Bladder cancer occurs more often in men with a mean age over 65, particularly in urban areas. The most commonly risk factors detected, based on this study are smoking, inflammation, infections, occupational factors and radiation exposure.