Introduction: Human aggression and childhood trauma are often interconnected and can have a significant impact on the development of individuals' behavior. Childhood abuse (physical, emotional, sexual) as well as neglect, abandonment has been associated with a wide range of cognitive, emotional, behavioral and social adverse outcomes. Research specific to adult detainees indicates an association between childhood abuse experiences and crime recurrence, mental health problems, substance abuse and interpersonal difficulties. Methodology: The purpose of this analysis was to conduct a systematic database investigation, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, NCI using key terms, to gather and describe current literature on the impact of child abuse on the functioning of adults imprisoned for criminal offenses. We analyzed several studies, which, through a subsequent analysis, were reduced to a total of 30 revised articles. Results and discussions: The impact of traumatic events in childhood on health outcomes is strong and cumulative .Aggression has been established as a common behavior among adults who have suffered sexual, physical or emotional trauma in childhood and these tend to have a marked influence on the development of personality, behavioral, including antisocial disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and abuse of substances among adults .Knowing the degree of victimization in childhood does not provide an insight into whether these experiences led directly to further criminal activities but may be important in preventing and intervening early and developing treatment suitable for trauma because many of the mental illnesses among this minority remain undiagnosed or treated.