In the present book we shall make a bold attempt to cast new light on the many-faceted personality of Dimitrie Cantemir. Setting out from archival documents recently discovered in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Bucharest, and Istanbul, which we here introduce to the scholarly community for the first time, we shall attempt to plug the gaps in Dimitrie Cantemir’s biography and to eradicate the contradictions that have existed hitherto. Among the little-studied pages of Cantemir's biography is the story of the transfer of his remains from Moscow to Iassi. This article is devoted to this topic.