This study aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between the amount of biomass and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), obtained from near infrared (NIR) reflectance values after processing satellite images. For this purpose, red (0.45-0.52 μm), near infrared (0.52-0.60 μm) and infra-red (0.63-0.69 μm) spectral bands of the LANDSAT 5 TM satellite images were used and NDVI was calculated as a ratio between measured reflectivity in the red and NIR portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The above ground measurements were also carried out in the North Eastern part of Turkey at 23 test points during the growing season to determine the botanical composition and the amount of fresh biomass. Regression analysis showed that there was a poor relationship between botanical composition and NDVI (R2=0.22) while a good coefficient of determination was observed between the amount of fresh biomass and NDVI (R2=0.67). It can be concluded that the above ground measurements and spectral measurements including information derived from remote sensing data can provide valuable support and information for grassland assessment.