Teeth provide an important material for multidisciplinary research, particularly in bioarchaeology. Several studies of dental anthropology approached the linear mea-surements of tooth crowns for assessing dental variations in both archaeo-logical and forensic contexts. This paper represents a preliminary compara-tive study regarding the dental crown size of the M2 molars in Bronze Age paleoanthropological samples from North-Eastern Romania, its variation depending on sex and anatomical position (superior/inferior). The dental material belongs to human skeletons discovered in the necropolises of Cândești (Vrancea County, Monteoru culture, 1550–1300 CAL BCE) and Trușești (Botoșani County, Noua culture, 1600–1150 CAL BCE). The two crown measurements, mesio-distal (MD) and bucco-lingual (BL) diameters, were performed using ImageJ software on occlusal digital images acquired stereo-microscopically. The shape of the occlusal surface was characterized using the crown shape index (CI = BL diameter x 100/MD diameter). The three variables (BL, MD, CI) were subjected to univariate and multivariate statistical analysis using XLSTAT Student version and PAST software. The variability degree of the measurements was shown by the coefficient of variation (CV). Our results show a high crown variability for the superior M2 molar in males and a lower variability for the inferior M2 molar in both males and females. The bivariate analysis showed a positive correlation between MD and BL for the inferior M2 molar, and a weak and insignificant correlation for the superior M2 molar. As future perspectives, we look towards a comparative diachronic approach regarding the size vari-ation of the M2 molar in the past human populations from North-Eastern Romania.