Since the 18th century, universal exhibitions have undergone a wide development, each aiming to bring to the public’s attention not only the most special and innovative exhibits but, at the organizational level, the most varied and unique attractions, usually the latest technical innovations or using what is already known in a whole new way. Romania was one of the participating countries, the inauguration of the Romanian Pavilion in Barcelona, on an area of 400 square meters, taking place on October 4, 1929, in the presence of King Alfonso XIII of Spain. Th e layout of the Pavilion provided for two major groups: a cultural one and an economic one, with sections dedicated to peasant art, modern painting and sculpture, decorative art, household industries. Following the judging, the products on display, received 62 Grand Prix, 51 honorary diplomas, 49 gold medals, 14 silver medals, 8 bronze medals and 21 collaborator diplomas. Th is shows the special value of the exhibits, as well as the international recognition of the national art and economy.