Introduction. Prematurity has a significant contribution to perinatal morbidity and mortality being a major cause of neuromotor disability in future . The aim of the work. The study aims to establish the incidence of neurological changes, the evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics, renal and central hemodynamics in premature infants during the peroid of adaptation. Material and methods. The aim of the ultrasound investigation of the brain pathologies was to establish the incidence of neurological modifications, to evaluate the state of cerebral, central and renal hemodynamic at premature babies in the period of adaptation. A prospective study of 153 premature newborns has been effectuated. Conclusions: The key findings of the study are the following: - Mothers of 41.1% of newborns from the lot I and 13.8% of newborns from the lot II administrated the antenatal corticosteroids - Cerebral ultrasound reveals with high accuracy and sensibility early changes at newborns - One of the most frequent complications of the study was IVH that is directly proportional to gestational age - The increased incidence of periventricular Leucomalacy is due to associated major pathology - According to the study results, it has been found that the potential factor that leads to ventriculomegaly is functional immaturity of the brain.