This paper explores challenges to linguistic vitality confronting minority languages, ways to protect linguistic diversity in the background of globalization. Siberia is the part of the Russian Federation where many indigenous languages are seriously endangered or may be at risk of extinction. The paper provides some information about Tofa, a Siberian language spoken by only 35 out of 600 Tofalar people in central Siberia. This article explains some causes and consequences of the loss of linguistic diversity and outlines some of the range of efforts currently underway to sustain minority languages.