The quantitative anatomy of leaf lamina at 10 species and 14 cultivars of Vitis L. genus is described. The adaxial epidermis consists from a raw of polygonal cells, compactly arranged near one to other. The adaxial epidermis have no stomata. The abaxial epidermis is formed from basal epidermal cells, stomata, auxiliary cells and protector hairs. The stomatal complex of epidermis is of actynocytic type and it is specifi c for the studied species and cultivars. The stomata density per 1 mm2 of foliar area is specifi c for each species and cultivar, but it is infl uenced by the environmental physic factors. In 2010 year stomata density varies from 101,34 stomata/mm2 at the local cultivar Rara neagră, to the 237,50 stomata/mm2 at the Vitis romaneti Rom. The stomata index varies within 4.46%, at the cultivar Grasa de Cotnari, and 8.97%, at the species Vitis cinerea Engelm. Mesophyll is situated, topographic, between adaxial and adaxial epidermis of leaf blade and it is consists of palisade parenchyma, spongy parenchyma and collateral vascular bundles, surrounded by the bundle sheaths. Are more drought resistant the species and cultivars of grapevine at which: average thickness of leaf lamina is greater;  surface (area) average of leaf lamina is lower; the ratio area average of leaf lamina to volume average of lamina is lower; palisade parenchyma has average thickness greater than lacunar parenchyma. On the data of several years is elaborated the method for determining the drought resistance of the grapevine on morphoanatomical characters of leaf lamina.