Aphanocladium album isolate mx-95 and quebracho tannins in the sustainable control of verticillium wilt and meloidogyne incognita on eggplant  
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CICCARESE, A., POIRAS, Nadejda, GALLO, Marilita, SASANELLI, Nicola, TODERASH, Ion, POIRAS, Larisa. Aphanocladium album isolate mx-95 and quebracho tannins in the sustainable control of verticillium wilt and meloidogyne incognita on eggplant  . In: Sustainable use and protection of animal world diversity:: International Symposium dedicated to 75th anniversary of Professor Andrei Munteanu , 30-31 octombrie 2014, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republica Moldova: Tipografia Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, 2014, pp. 135-136. ISBN 978-9975-62-379-7.
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Sustainable use and protection of animal world diversity: 2014
Simpozionul " Sustainable use and protection of animal world diversity: "
Chișinău, Moldova, 30-31 octombrie 2014

Aphanocladium album isolate mx-95 and quebracho tannins in the sustainable control of verticillium wilt and meloidogyne incognita on eggplant  


Pag. 135-136

Ciccarese A.1, Poiras Nadejda2, Gallo Marilita1, Sasanelli Nicola3, Toderash Ion2, Poiras Larisa2
 
1 University of Bari Aldo Moro,
2 Institute of Zoology ASM,
3 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 16 mai 2019


Rezumat

The efficacies of a new promising control agent aphanocladium album isolate MX-95 (patent N° 0001374382 of the University “A. Moro” of Bari) and quebracho tannins were tested in an open field trial on egglaplant (cv. Black Beauty) in the control of combined attacks of verticillium dahliae and meloidogyne incognita. A soil at valenzano (province of Bari, Apulia region) naturally infested by the soil borne plant pathogen and the rootknot nematode was deeply ploughed, rotavated and subdivided in 3 x 4 m plots spaced 0.5 m each other and distributed in a randomized block design with three replicates/ treatment. Treatments were: a) a. album isolate MX-95 (8 l/plot; 1.5 x 107 CFU/ml); b) quebracho tannins (400 kg/ha); c) Azoxystrobin (20 l/ha, fungicide) + Fosthiazate (30 kg/ ha, nematicide) and d) an untreated control. The isolate MX-95 of a. album was applied in pre and post-transplant (14 days and 10 days, respectively). Tannins and chemicals were applied at transplant. Treatments a) and b) were applied by injector in localised form to the base of each plant. During the growing season the crop received the cultural practices that are common for the area. Fruits were harvested (six times) during crop cycle and main yield parameters such as fruit growth in order to verify ripening kinetics, fruit weight, fruit number/plant and marketable yield were assessed. At the end of the experimental  trial, plants from the central row in each plot were uprooted to estimate root gall index caused by the nematode attack according to a 0-5 scale (0 = health root system and 5 = root system completely deformed by numerous and large galls). Severity of verticillium wilt was assessed according to a 0-5 scale (0 = health plant; 1 = yellowing of the basal leaves; 2 = widespread yellowing; 3 = wilting; 4 = widespread wilting and 5 = death plant). Stem of each plant was transversely cut 3 cm above the soil level and the severity of vascular discoloration (% area affect) (VD) was recorded according a 0-4 scale (0= no vascular discoloration; 1 = 1-10% VD; 2 = 11-50% VD; 3 = 51-75% VD and 4 = 76-100% VD). nematodes of each plot were extracted from soil samples processing 500 ml soil subsample with the Coolen’s method. Data were statistically analysed and means compared   by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. All treatments had a positive influence on the yield parameters and significantly increased marketable yield in comparison to the untreated control. no statistical difference was evident among the three considered treatments (Table 1). The severity of wilting and symptoms of vascular discoloration were also significantly reduced on plants of treated plots in comparison to the untreated control (Table 1). a. album isolate MX-95 and quebracho tannins were effective to reduce root gall index and final nematode population density in comparison to the untreated control (P = 0.05) (Table 1). Results demonstrate that the use of the chitynolitic fungus a. album isolate MX-95 and quebracho tannins seem to be reasonably possible for Verticillium-wilt and nematode sustainable control. However, further investigation are suggested in different areas, periods, on different crops and types of soil. aknowledegement. The research was undertaken within the framework of a bilateral project between CNR (Italy) and the ASM (R. Moldova). Period 2013-2014.